Tag to make the posts appear under the “Educating the Sector” section of the blog.

The Invisible Infrastructure of the Blue Economy

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Written by Lidia Slawinska

Written by Lidia Slawinska, Communications Manager – Escola Europea Intermodal Transport

When we think about ports, the images that come to mind are often physical ones: cranes moving containers across terminals, vessels docking along quays, trucks and trains carrying cargo inland. For centuries, maritime logistics has been defined by these visible infrastructures—steel, concrete, and water routes connecting continents.

Yet today, much of the real infrastructure that makes global maritime trade possible is no longer visible.

Behind the movement of ships and cargo lies a rapidly expanding layer of digital systems, shared data platforms, and collaborative networks. These systems do not move containers directly, but they increasingly determine how efficiently, safely, and sustainably those containers move through the global supply chain. In other words, the digital blue economy is building a new kind of maritime infrastructure – one that exists largely in the background, but increasingly shapes the way ports function.

Ports as Information Hubs

Modern ports generate enormous volumes of data. Vessel arrival times, cargo documentation, terminal operations, customs procedures, and hinterland transport movements all create information that must be coordinated among multiple stakeholders.

To manage this complexity, many ports have developed Port Community Systems (PCS) – digital platforms that allow port authorities, shipping companies, freight forwarders, customs agencies, and logistics operators to exchange information in real time. According to the World Bank, these systems act as collaborative digital environments that streamline communication and coordination between the many actors operating within a port ecosystem.

The impact can be significant. By centralising and standardising information flows, PCS platforms reduce paperwork, accelerate decision-making, and improve visibility across the supply chain. They transform ports from places where information is fragmented into integrated digital hubs.

In many ways, this invisible infrastructure is becoming just as important as the physical one.

From Terminals to Digital Ecosystems

The digitalisation of ports is part of a broader transformation taking place across maritime logistics. Researchers increasingly describe this process as a systemic shift in the way port logistics are designed and coordinated, driven by data integration and digital technologies embedded across supply chain operations.

Leading ports around the world – from Singapore and Rotterdam to Los Angeles – are now developing what are often referred to as “smart port ecosystems.” These combine automation, artificial intelligence, data integration, and digital platforms to improve operational efficiency and resilience.

But the most important change is not technological alone. It lies in how these systems enable collaboration.

Ports are complex environments involving public authorities, shipping lines, terminal operators, logistics companies, and transport providers. Digital platforms allow these actors to share operational data, coordinate schedules, and anticipate disruptions in ways that were difficult to achieve just a decade ago.

In this sense, the digital blue economy is not simply about installing new technologies—it is about creating shared information environments that support collective decision-making across the maritime ecosystem.

A Growing Sector

The importance of these developments becomes clearer when viewed within the broader context of the blue economy.

According to the European Commission’s EU Blue Economy Report, maritime sectors – from transport and shipbuilding to renewable energy and coastal tourism – represent a significant economic ecosystem within Europe. Established blue economy sectors alone employed around 3.6 million people across the EU in recent years, highlighting the scale and economic relevance of these activities.

Within this landscape, ports play a central role as gateways between maritime and land-based logistics systems. As digitalisation advances, their ability to manage data, coordinate stakeholders, and integrate technologies will increasingly determine how competitive and resilient maritime trade networks become.

In other words, the digital layer supporting port operations is no longer optional – it is becoming foundational.

The Human Element Behind the Digital Port

Despite the technological emphasis often associated with smart ports, digital transformation is not simply about installing platforms or adopting new tools.

Successful digital ecosystems depend on people who understand how to use data, interpret complex systems, and collaborate across institutional boundaries. Governance structures, shared standards, and trust between stakeholders remain essential elements of any digital infrastructure.

Technology can connect systems, but it is collaboration that allows them to function effectively.

This is perhaps one of the most important lessons emerging from the digital blue economy: innovation in maritime logistics does not happen in isolation. It happens when ports, companies, and institutions work together to build shared environments where information can move as freely as cargo.

Seeing the Unseen

The cranes and vessels will always remain the most visible symbols of maritime trade. But increasingly, the efficiency of ports depends on something less tangible: the invisible architecture of data, platforms, and collaboration networks operating behind the scenes.

As maritime logistics continues to evolve, the challenge will not only be to invest in physical infrastructure, but also to strengthen these digital foundations.

Because in the ports of the future, the most important infrastructure may be the one we cannot see.

Sources

Don’t just take our word for it – explore the sources shaping this conversation:

Editorial note
This article was developed with the assistance of AI-based writing tools and verified against the sources listed above.

When the Sector Changes, We Change With It: The Role of Educators in the New Logistics Era

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Eduard Rodés - Director of the Escola Europea Intermodal Transport

Written by: Eduard Rodés, director of the Escola Europea – Intermodal Transport

Twenty years have passed since we began training new generations of transport and logistics professionals at the Escola Europea – Intermodal Transport. Two decades in which we have witnessed the sector evolve at a pace that, not long ago, would have seemed unimaginable. And throughout these twenty years, one lesson has repeated itself again and again: logistics changes — and training must change with it.

Today, we find ourselves in the midst of a true shift in era. Geopolitical dynamics are reshaping global supply chains; digitalisation and artificial intelligence are redefining entire professions; the energy transition is accelerating; and sustainability – once an aspiration – has become an operational imperative. In this context, infrastructures adapt, companies transform, and ports redefine their role. But none of this is possible – or sustainable – without one essential element: the people who train the people.

The Real Engine of Change: The Educators

At the Escola Europea, we have always believed that knowledge is not built from theory alone, but through experience. Our constructivist approach — which today feels so contemporary — was born from something simple: accompanying students and professionals to see, touch and live logistics firsthand. This philosophy gave rise to programmes such as MOST, SURCO, and the training stays aboard Ro-Pax vessels and in terminals, where learners observe, handle and understand logistics operations in the field.

What was once a distinctive option has now become an absolute necessity. The growing complexity of the sector demands professionals capable of interpreting data, making quick decisions, operating in digital environments, communicating clearly, and adapting to constant change. These competencies – the so-called soft and power skills – can only be developed through active, collaborative, scenario-based methodologies.

This is where educators come in. Far from diminishing with the arrival of new technologies, their role is becoming more central than ever. Technology will not replace teachers, but it is profoundly transforming their function. The 21st-century educator is no longer a transmitter of information; they are a designer of experiences, a facilitator of learning, a creator of contexts that connect theory and practice.

And it is precisely to support them in this evolving role that we created Chiron.

Chiron: A Necessary Companion for the Educators of the Future

Chiron is a natural step in our evolution as an institution. After twenty years accompanying thousands of students and professionals, we have also observed up close how the role of the educator is changing. Technology advances, methodologies shift, and the classroom – physical or virtual – is no longer a static space but a living environment that demands constant adaptation.

This is the context in which Chiron was born: as a way to support the educators who work with Port Virtual Lab and who, every day, search for new ways to bring logistics, international trade and administration closer to their students. Many are already innovating, testing active methodologies, designing realistic scenarios or exploring how to integrate AI into their classes. But they all agree on one thing: teaching in this new environment requires time, practice, and a space to exchange ideas and feel supported.

Chiron’s mission is simple yet essential: to provide support to the educators who are part of the PVL Open Lab community, offering them a framework where they can develop their work with greater confidence and more tools.

AI and Advanced Simulation: A Key Combination for Port and Logistics Learning

The debate is no longer whether technology – including AI – should enter ports or training centres, but how to integrate it responsibly, meaningfully, and with educational purpose. In many of our recent courses – such as Energy Transition in Ports: Build Your Port Energy Transition Plan – it is clear that learners expect training to incorporate tools that bring practice closer to operational reality.

In this context, advanced simulation has become a cornerstone. Today, students work with environments that allow them to personalise learning paths, analyse data, recreate complex scenarios and visualise the consequences of decisions within a safe, controlled environment. AI helps accelerate certain processes – from pattern detection to the automation of basic cognitive tasks — but it is simulation that truly transforms learning. It makes port, intermodal and energy operations comprehensible, tangible and experienceable even before reaching the quay.

Tools capable of recreating real-world operations – from maritime–rail coordination to energy or customs scenarios – enable students to make complex decisions and see their consequences in real time. AI enhances these simulations, yes, but it is the realism of the operational environment that turns the experience into deep and meaningful learning.

Technology, however, also brings new challenges: more sophisticated digital competencies, new ways of assessing learning, and even the need to rethink the educator’s role. This is why, at the Escola Europea, we speak of applied humanism: integrating AI and simulation without losing sight of the fact that the centre of the learning process remains the person.

Over these twenty years, our evolution has been constant. Port Virtual Lab is perhaps the best example: a simulation ecosystem that enables learners to execute real logistics chains, work with real documentation, respond to unexpected events and understand the complexity of intermodal transport from the inside. Its growth — from the initial maritime model to newly added rail, customs and energy modules – mirrors the transformation of the sector itself.

Twenty Years of Building Logistics Talent – And What Comes Next

Celebrating our 20th anniversary is not about looking back, but about reaffirming something we have practiced since the beginning: educational excellence is born from dialogue with the sector. Our MOST and SURCO programmes, the energy transition courses, Port Virtual Lab and the upcoming deployment of Chiron all demonstrate this conviction. We evolve because we listen – to ports, to companies, to educators, to students.

And at a moment when the sector is undergoing profound transformation – energy transition, digitalisation, new regulations, geopolitical tension, shifting supply chains – the training we provide must accompany that change, anticipate it, and help drive it.

That is why, at this milestone moment for the Escola, we want to highlight the role of educators. Without them, no talent strategy, digital transition, or sustainability agenda will be possible.

Logistics will change even more in the next twenty years. And we will continue to change with it. Because our job is not only to train – it is to prepare people for a future that is already here.

 

Your Comfort Zone isn’t Intermodal – it needs Digital Skills

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Eduard Rodés, Director - Escola Europea - Intermodal Transporrt

Written by: Eduard Rodés,
Director – Escola Europea – Intermodal Transport

We are facing a period of major global change. Global logistics operators are merging, extending their capacity across air, land and sea. Large shipping companies are diversifying their services and transforming into integrated mobility providers.

All of this is having a direct impact on supply chains, which are becoming more and more intermodal and in need of more digital skills. And this doesn’t just affect infrastructure, platforms or processes—it affects people. The professionals who have to make decisions in these new environments.

That’s where the real shift needs to happen. And no, I’m not talking about becoming a computer scientist overnight. I’m talking about being prepared to work in a system that is already digital, already intermodal, and moving fast.

That’s why we built Port Virtual Lab (PVL)—to give students and professionals a way to learn by doing. PVL lets you simulate decisions, understand how your choices impact the full supply chain, and prepare for the kind of scenarios we’re already seeing in real life.

When we talk about “training,” we’re not referring to memorizing abstract concepts. We mean giving people the tools to navigate a world that demands agility, awareness, and coordination across modes and borders.

The map is changing. Asia is increasing its global presence. Africa is rising with new transport corridors. The Arctic opens up new possibilities. All of it means that we’re moving into a new era where logistics professionals will need new skills, and not just technical ones: digital skills, yes—but also collaborative, adaptive, and strategic.

So… If you’re still using “I’m not into tech” as a reason to avoid training, we’re sorry to tell you:

Your comfort zone isn’t intermodal.

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What makes artificial intelligence unique in the port logistics sector?

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In this #DidYouKnow blog post, we explore how artificial intelligence adapts to the specific needs of the logistics and port industry, and how it can improve the management of people, operations, and administrative processes in these highly specialized environments.

The Digital Revolution Is Reaching Our Ports

In recent years, ports have evolved from being just points of entry and exit for goods into living labs for technological innovation. Digital transformation is reshaping the rules of the game in transport and logistics—and one of the most powerful and promising developments is the rise of artificial intelligence (AI).

From predictive systems to process automation tools, AI is proving its value in enhancing operational efficiency. But when it comes to the logistics-port environment, AI applications take on very specific characteristics that are worth exploring.

What Makes AI in Logistics and Port Transport So Unique?

Unlike other sectors, logistics and port transport involve:

  • Complex, highly regulated operational environments
  • Constant interaction between multiple actors (authorities, freight forwarders, terminal operators, shipping lines…)
  • Real-time processing of vast amounts of data
  • A critical need for speed, efficiency, and traceability

AI can help address many of these challenges. Whether optimizing routes and fleet management, predicting demand, or automating customs documentation, its applications are growing fast.

But What About People Management?

When we talk about AI in logistics, we tend to think about automating physical processes. But AI is also reshaping how we manage people across the sector.

In an environment where technical profiles are in high demand and staff turnover is high, using tools that support onboarding, motivation, and talent retention can make a substantial difference.

Generative AI, for example, can:

  • Create personalized training content
  • Automate responses to frequently asked employee questions
  • Analyze performance and workplace climate in real time

Escola Europea’s Commitment

At Escola Europea – Intermodal Transport, we believe digitalization is not just a trend—it’s a strategic imperative for the present and future of the port logistics sector.

Our long-standing experience in intermodal training has allowed us to observe how technology is reshaping the operations, management, and culture of logistics organizations across the Mediterranean and beyond.

That’s why, years ago, we launched initiatives like the Port Virtual Lab, a pioneering digital simulator for hands-on training in international trade and port logistics. But we haven’t stopped there.

We’re now integrating generative AI (GAI) content into several of our training tracks:

  • Marketing and sales
  • People and talent management
  • Financial decision-making and automation of administrative processes
  • Planning and optimization of port and logistics operations

Our goal is clear: empower logistics and port professionals to lead digital transformation with an ethical, strategic, and hands-on mindset.

Because digital transformation isn’t just about adopting tools—it’s about rethinking how we manage, learn, and lead.

Conclusion: A Transformation That Begins with People

In a world where technology evolves at breakneck speed, its true value lies in how we apply it. AI alone doesn’t transform organizations—people do.

That’s why, in port logistics, training is essential. Understanding how AI works in our industry helps us ensure a digital future that’s both meaningful and responsible, built around real challenges and real people.

A 2,000-Year Journey: A Roman Amphora Arrives at the Escola Europea’s classroom

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At the Escola Europea – Intermodal Transport, we are always exploring new ways to make education immersive and meaningful. This week, we took a symbolic leap into the past with the addition of a unique historical artifact to our training space: an original Roman amphora recovered from the Illes Formigues I shipwreck site off the coast of Palamós.

Thanks to a collaboration with the Consorci de les Drassanes Reials i Museu Marítim de Barcelona, the amphora has been entrusted to the Escola in a renewable four-year loan. It is now on display in the Aula dels Estels, located in the Drassanes terminal of the Port of Barcelona—one of our main training classrooms.

Intermodality Across Millennia

This ovoid amphora (Haltern 70 type, small/early variant) now forms part of our Forma’t al Port training programme, which covers port terminal operations, intermodal transport, and logistics. By integrating this ancient container into our teaching, we aim to draw a direct line between past and present logistics practices.

Amphorae were once standardised cargo transport vessels, not unlike today’s containers or semi-trailers. Their use in the ancient Mediterranean is a powerful reminder that intermodality has deep historical roots.

Logistics in Service of Heritage

The transfer and installation of the amphora were managed with utmost care by TM2, a company specialising in industrial packaging solutions. Their team designed a custom-built security box, applied specialist protective materials, and arranged safe transport from the Maritime Museum to our facility—ensuring the artifact’s integrity throughout the journey.

This operation highlights how modern logistics can support the preservation and dissemination of cultural heritage.

The “Amphora Operation” is more than a symbolic gesture—it reflects our commitment to educational innovation, sustainability, and the dialogue between ancient wisdom and modern logistics.

A Milestone Event

To mark the arrival of the amphora, an official event was held at the Drassanes terminal with representatives from all participating organisations:

  • Enric García, Director, Museu Marítim de Barcelona
  • Eduard Rodés, Director, Escola Europea
  • Francesc Bonada, Head of Organisation and Sustainability, Port of Barcelona
  • M. Dolors Jurado Jiménez, Head of Collection Management, Museu Marítim
  • Mònica Jiménez, Director, TM2
  • Marta Miquel, BDO, Escola Europea
  • Reyes Durá, Head of Administration, Escola Europea
  • Carmen Sánchez, Sustainability Officer, Port of Barcelona

From Ancient Markings to Modern Maps

Beyond exhibition purposes, this initiative opens new avenues for education and research. The Escola will explore ancient systems of identification and sealing used on amphorae—historical equivalents to modern tracking codes and security seals.

In parallel, our team will investigate ancient amphora production sites near Barcelona, developing maps and infographics that visualise their commercial networks and manufacturing footprint in antiquity.

#DidYouKnow: AI is quietly changing how we do performance reviews

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In today’s fast-paced professional environments, especially in the logistics and transport sectors, the role of Human Resources is becoming more strategic than ever. New technologies, such as artificial intelligence, are opening up possibilities to improve how we lead teams, detect talent, and support individual growth — but without losing the human touch.

At the Escola Europea, we’re always reflecting on how these tools intersect with real operational challenges. Here’s one area where AI is making quiet, but meaningful, change: performance reviews.

From checklist to conversation: performance reviews in transformation

Performance evaluations have long been seen as a necessary (and often dreaded) process. Managers feel pressure to be fair and constructive. Employees hope to be seen and valued. Striking the right balance is difficult — especially in sectors like logistics, where time is scarce and team structures are complex.

This is where AI comes in.

Across industries, HR professionals are experimenting with tools that aggregate feedback, track performance data, and highlight patterns. These systems don’t replace managers — they support them. They help identify disengagement risks earlier, uncover strengths that might go unnoticed, and provide useful context during evaluation cycles.

The value is in the combination: AI + empathy

However, data doesn’t tell the full story.

AI doesn’t know if someone took on more responsibilities during a team shortage. It can’t sense if someone is navigating personal challenges or stepping up quietly in ways that don’t appear in a dashboard.

That’s where human managers come in — with empathy, intuition, and the ability to contextualise performance in a broader narrative.

At its best, AI enables us to have better conversations, make fairer decisions, and spend more time on what matters most: guiding people toward growth.

What does this mean for the logistics sector?

In logistics and port environments — where work is operational, dynamic, and increasingly complex — HR teams are often stretched. AI can be an ally here, providing clarity in environments full of moving parts.

When used ethically and responsibly, it can improve feedback cycles, strengthen team culture, and support professional development across all levels of the organisation.

Want to explore this further?

At the Escola Europea, we’re diving into these themes in our upcoming course:

Aplicación de la IA en la Gestión de Personas | 30 April 2025 | Port of Barcelona

A practical half-day training designed for HR professionals and business leaders navigating digital transformation in port-logistics environments.

 

We used AI to help draft this article — and a human to shape its tone.

Port Digitalisation

The Future of Logistics: Digitalization, Integration, and Sustainability

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Eduard Rodés - Director of the Escola Europea Intermodal Transport

Written by: Eduard Rodés, director of the Escola Europea – Intermodal Transport

The logistics industry is undergoing a profound transformation. Digitalization, sustainability, and the growing integration of logistics operators are reshaping supply chains, requiring professionals to adapt faster than ever. As new technologies emerge and industry players consolidate their reach across different modes of transport, efficiency and agility have become key to long-term success.

Logistics Integration: A New Era of Connectivity

The trend toward integration is not new, but it has accelerated in recent months. Recent mergers—such as the acquisition of DB Schenker by DSV—highlight how logistics operators are expanding their control over entire supply chains. Shipping companies, once focused solely on maritime transport, now own cargo planes and play critical roles in rail and urban distribution.

This shift is reshaping logistics hubs worldwide, especially in key port cities. Ports and their associated logistics zones are evolving to serve these integrated operators, ensuring smoother transitions between maritime, air, rail, and road transport. The ability to manage these complex multimodal networks effectively is becoming a major competitive advantage.

The Digital Shift: Technology Driving Logistics Forward

At the heart of this transformation is digitalization. Technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence, real-time tracking, and big data analytics are redefining how supply chains operate. The rapid growth of e-commerce has further amplified the need for digital solutions, putting pressure on traditional distribution systems to become more flexible and responsive.

Fast and efficient data-driven decision-making is now a necessity. The rollout of 5G networks is enhancing real-time communication, while predictive analytics powered by machine learning is helping businesses forecast demand more accurately. In this fast-evolving landscape, professionals must continuously upskill to keep pace with new digital tools and strategies.

Sustainability and Decarbonization: The Industry’s Imperative

Beyond efficiency, the logistics sector is also under increasing pressure to meet sustainability goals. The European Union’s Smart and Sustainable Mobility Strategy sets clear emissions reduction targets, pushing companies to adopt cleaner energy sources such as green hydrogen and electric fleets.

However, integrating sustainable solutions across all transport modes remains a challenge. While maritime and rail freight are moving toward decarbonization, interoperability and infrastructure development are crucial to making these efforts successful across the supply chain. Logistics professionals must be prepared to navigate these regulatory and technological shifts while balancing efficiency and environmental responsibility.

Collaboration and Digital Business Models

The rise of digital platforms and collaborative technologies is changing the way logistics companies operate. Cloud-based supply chain management tools, digital freight marketplaces, and automation-driven optimization are becoming standard practice. Collaboration is no longer an option—it’s a necessity for improving efficiency and sustainability.

New business models are emerging, driven by platform economies that connect logistics providers, freight forwarders, and customers in real time. Companies that leverage these tools will be better positioned to streamline operations, reduce costs, and enhance service offerings in an increasingly competitive market.

Preparing for the Future: Digital Skills in Logistics

With rapid technological advancements and increasing industry demands, staying ahead means staying informed. As logistics integrates more deeply with digital tools, automation, and AI-driven solutions, professionals must adapt their skill sets to remain competitive.

Understanding how digitalization shapes modern supply chains is no longer optional—it’s essential. As part of our commitment to preparing the industry for this transformation, Escola Europea continues to provide training that bridges the gap between logistics operations and digital innovation.

The future is being written now, and those who embrace digital transformation, integration, and sustainability will lead the way.

Innovative AI Training for Port Logistics by Escola Europea

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The Escola Europea has recently launched a pioneering series of courses dedicated to exploring the applications of artificial intelligence (AI) specifically within port logistics communities. This initiative underscores the institution’s commitment to integrating contemporary technological advancements into their educational repertoire.

Since its inception, the Escola Europea has been renowned for its experiential teaching approaches, ensuring that students gain practical, hands-on experience in addition to theoretical knowledge. The decision to introduce a series focused on AI applications within port logistics communities stems from the institution’s desire to keep pace with the rapidly evolving technological landscape. With AI increasingly permeating nearly all aspects of employment fields, it is essential to equip professionals with the knowledge and skills to navigate these changes effectively.

Courses Overview

The AI course series has already seen the successful organization of three insightful sessions, all focusing on port logistics communities. With each session taught by a seasoned professional, the courses offer specialized and valuable insights. The first course delved into AI applications in people management within ports, offering participants a comprehensive understanding of how AI can enhance workforce management and development in this specialized field. The second course focused on marketing and sales, demonstrating how AI tools can be leveraged to optimize marketing strategies and sales operations specific to port environments. The third session addressed AI’s role in finance and administrations in port logistics, highlighting its potential to streamline administrative processes and improve financial management within these communities.

The final course in this series, scheduled for July, will concentrate on operations within port logistics communities. This session aims to provide participants with a deep dive into the operational efficiencies that AI can bring to port logistics, from automation to predictive analytics.

The logistics sector, particularly within port communities, stands to benefit significantly from AI integration. AI technologies can enhance various aspects of logistics operations, including inventory management, shipment tracking, and predictive maintenance. By offering these specialized courses, Escola Europea is ensuring that professionals in the field are well-prepared to harness the power of AI, driving innovation and efficiency in their respective roles.

The Escola’s dedication to staying ahead of technological trends is evident in their proactive approach to education. By continuously updating and expanding their course offerings to include cutting-edge topics like AI, the organisation demonstrates its commitment to providing relevant and impactful education. This innovative course series is set to become a staple in their educational offerings, reflecting the institution’s forward-thinking ethos.

Final thoughts

“In an era where AI is not just an emerging technology but a critical component of various industries, staying informed and adept is not just beneficial—it’s imperative,” said Marta Miquel – the Chief Business Officer from the Escola Europea. As AI continues to transform various sectors, the Escola initiative to introduce AI-focused courses within port logistics communities is both timely and essential, fostering a generation of leaders ready to embrace and drive technological innovation.

John Dewey, an influential philosopher and educator, once said, “Education is not preparation for life; education is life itself.” This new series of courses is a testament to Escola Europea’s enduring commitment to excellence and innovation in education, ensuring that the logistics community is well-prepared for the future.

The challenges of digitalization and its impact on training activities in transport and logistics

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Written by: Xavier Lluch i Oms, Consultant in Transportation, Logistics & Information Systems & Professor at the Escola Europea

For many years now, companies and all kind of organisations have improved their information circuits by mechanising, or computerising, etc.

Progress, so far, has been implanted inside the organisations, facilitating the transfer of information between different departments. Commercial departments, operations (transport-warehouse, etc.), and administration, among others are but some examples. In this aspect, applications have evolved from the first ones that comprised a single function (billing, accounting …) to those that seek to solve communication problems holistically for the entire company. Commonly known as “Enterprise Resource Planning” (ERP) , the different existing ERPs compete amongst themselves, but their goal is always to solve the question of information circuits inside the companies. ERPs are solving the need to re-enter data between different departments or functions of the companies above all.

There have been attempts to resolve communications between companies, but they have always been limited to specific business partners. Companies can exchange data but can hardly do so with other commercial partners in general as each connection requires specific agreements. Nevertheless, there are exceptions, such as:

  • Port Community Systems
  • Various initiatives fostered in the maritime world, especially between shipping companies and administrations, within the framework of the “maritime single window environment” (SWE).
  • Some communication subsystems such as the “Automated Identification System” (AIS) used in maritime navigation.
  • Some initiatives in the air world, thanks to IATA standards
  • The contracting platforms or loading exchanges, although each one with its own communication standards.
  • The electronic invoice, to the extent that it has been imposed by public administrations.

All these attempts have not progressed further. This was partly due to the power limitations of data management, but above all due to the lack of complete standardization; making it so that each implementation requires either a manual link or a complicated series of steps of adjusting communications.

In recent years the landscape has begun to change with the EU initiative to constitute the Data Transport and Logistics Forum (DTLF), a true standardization working group, which has set up the conditions for the promulgation of the (Electronic Freight Transport Information) eFTI regulation in 2020.

The implementation of the eFTI regulation (EU) 2020/1056/ is a significant step towards the use of digital exchanges of information in the transport sector. We may be on the verge of a radical change in communication, similar to the introduction of the ISO TC 104 standard in 1961, which opened the gate to the universal use of containers in the transport industry.

The possibility of having standards and an operational architecture within the E.U. creates an enormous playing field. We can now replace paper with the cloud to support or store transport data, and consequently we shall no longer talk about transport documents but about datasets.  At the same time, the possibility to access a much larger market database more efficiently opens infinite new possibilities to organise transports and new business models.

Electronic transport documents within the EU will become widely used and will save a lot of costs, and the increased added value in operations opens a new conception of transport flows.

ERPs will become less significant, (as we will no longer talk about invoicing or accounting programmes ). The new question will focus not on how we enter data but how we manage it.  New business models will appear, based on the possibilities of accessing large amounts of data and organising operations more efficiently.

The speed of adoption of changes depends largely on the attitude of public administrations, which set the rules of the game between companies. But the process is unstoppable and countries that do not follow them will lose competitiveness.

In a mid-to-long, term similar progress shall be extended to the full commercial chain, comprising not only those involved in the logistics or transport chain strictly, but a larger array of actors  (buyers, sellers, administrations, banks…). Technology now allows for highly innovative ways of working, but the complexity of the participants and their divergent interests greatly hinder their adoption.

These new working methods pose medium-term challenges both in the organization of companies and in the training needs of their employees.

A digital cultural background will be required in data exploitation processes. Computer security, digital signatures, data certification and protection, contracting and management of databases, organization of information, legal issues related to electronic contracting, communication systems between companies, and many more that we can now only imagine.

But even if information systems will change, the basic problems will still exist: The lost shipment, the vessel that does not sail as planned; the erroneous declaration of customs; the interpretation of trade rules; incidents of all kinds in transport; compliance with financial commitments; the fight against fraud; the increase in complexity of customs regulations; questions related to the massification of B2C trade, etc. Standardization will not solve everything and a professional transport skill will always be required.

In the next five years companies will probably start to implement some changes, in preparation for what seems a likely horizon:

  • Accentuation of sector concentration, (horizontal and vertical), accessing the large shippers.
  • Disappearance of companies due to absorption into larger groups.
  • Displacement of traditional companies towards market niches, either by transport specialities (pharmaceutical, dangerous goods, temperature controlled transport, hanging clothing, among others) or by routes or geographical areas, or by ancillary services.
  • Emergence of new companies with cloud services: Online contracting, load exchanges with complementary services, among others.
  • In customs clearance, accentuation of the changes initiated with the new customs code and with the expected ones, more centralized clearance, new roles of customs representatives, increased legislative complexity, discussion of the “trusted trader”, changes in e-commerce…
  • Emergence of the companies based on new models (such as Usyncro, Ontruck, Widoit,…)
  • Evolution of data entry solutions such as ERP.

Training activities should reflect the changes expected in the transport industry and specifically in the information flows. Training in logistics should include the foreseen technologies and tools in the training programmes, and some basic concepts in IT with which trainees should become familiar, such as electronic signatures, technologies and concepts related to information (data, metadata, protocols related, databases…), etc. IT Technologies are becoming more and more present in transport and logistics operations. However, it should not be neglected that the transport business requires to be familiarised with all “traditional” operational aspects involved with international transportation and commerce, from Incoterms to payment methods, to packaging and palletisation, customs regulation, international and national transport, insurance conventions, and so on.

The eruption of IT technologies and new and better transport means are contributing to an increase in volumes and to “commoditising” operations. Nowadays there are less uncertainties, less incidents, but it should never be forgotten that international trade is always subject to a number of legal and operational challenges and professionals should be well aware of the consequences of contracting in one way versus another. At the same time the increased volumes of international trade are originating complex problems (including customs issues) that require deeper and more significant professional skills.

Digitisation is inevitable!

And it is up to us now to ensure that we keep up with it, and that we can train our workforce with existing, new, and emerging skills to stay on top of the game.